Spyware Hidden in Religious & Cultural Apps Targets Sensitive Data for China

  • Malicious apps are being disguised to gather data for China
  • The Uighur, Tibetan, and Taiwanese communities are facing targeting.
  • The apps appear to be related to religion and culture.

The UK’s National Cyber Security Centre, along with counterparts in Australia, Canada, Germany, New Zealand, and the US, are cautioning that applications embedded with spyware are being utilized to target Uighur, Tibetan, and Taiwanese communities.

The spyware known as BADBAZAAR and MOONSHINE is presumably employed to collect data "that would be valuable to China" from people who might represent a risk to China’s safety.

A lot of the apps infected with spyware are created to imitate faith-based or cultural software.

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Collecting location, audio, and image information

The applications in question encompass "Audio Quran," a spiritual tool aimed at engaging Uighur communities, and "TibetOne," which initially seems like an app for sharing pictures, videos, music, and content that highlights Tibetan culture.

Efforts have been made to distribute the apps via official routes like the Google Play Store; however, these efforts have mostly failed due to the store’s robust security measures.

Consequently, the applications were distributed via forums popular among the targeted groups and depended on users manually installing the software from .apks.

Based on the NCSC report [ PDF The applications are not only utilized for targeting individuals but are also employed to surveil civil society organizations with the aim of tracking their activities.

The BADBAZAAR and MOONSHINE spyware would be able to access real time location and gps data, live audio and video capture, files stored on the device, SMS and call logs, and device information, as well as being able to play audio through the device.

The joint statement indicates, "While BADBAZAAR and MOONSHINE have targeted Uighur, Tibetan, and Taiwanese individuals, various other malwares focus on different ethnic minorities within China. Individuals from sealing communities inside China as well as those overseas, seen as supporters of movements posing risks to governmental stability, are most likely facing threats through their mobile devices." malware For example, BADBAZAAR and MOONSHINE.”

The ability to record location, audio, and photographic data likely offers an opening for informing potential surveillance and harassment activities through the provision of live updates about the subject's actions.

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